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The reproductives reside in a central room in the nest in which a lady , or queen, will put many thousands of eggs each year over her life span of about 10 years. Male, or kings, are responsible for fertilising the queens. Reproductives are commonly observed.
The young termites develop in the colony by shedding cuticles at the end of each growth stage, gradually changing until they reach the worker, soldier or adult (winged form). If queens perish, some supplementary reproductives can carry on the colony as neotenics.
Reproductives are generally darker than workers and soldiers. They have functional eyes and their stronger skin (cuticle) can resist the outside environment. Once flight, unlike other insects, the deciduous wings of termites are discarded and piles of discard wings are a fantastic clue to termite infestations.
Officials have , heads that are larger that are darker than the other castes. They're blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs.
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Soldiers are tougher than the other castes and take longer to die from most toxins, exposure, or starvation. It is their function to defend the colony, if disturbed, while the damage is fixed by the workers.
Soldiers exist in different types. Most species have soldiers, together with well-developed jaws (mandibles) used to crush attackers, such as ants.
Nastute soldiers occur in Nasustitermes species and are only infrequently found as pests in Victoria. They have a snout from which they eject a sticky solution which disturbs and glues attackers.
Phragmotic soldiers have a head, which can be wedged in tunnels to block attackers. Are only occasional introductions to Victoria.
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The workers account for the greatest number of termites within the colony, and are therefore responsible for the maximum damage.
They collect food construct tunnels and repair damage in addition to tending to the kings, queens and their young. These termites are thought to operate 24 hours a day during their 4-year life span. Worker termites are generally unpigmented. They're blind, wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. .
Termites hatch from eggs that have been tended by their own nest mates in specially constructed nurseries.
As soon as they are mature enough, the young work within the colony in which jobs change with age and maturity.
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Once a single colony gets sufficiently large it generates winged reproductives that wait in specially constructed chambers until ready to leave the nest and undertake a colonising flight.
They leave the nest as a swarm under conditions of high humidity, still air, and at times low light. Termites are not strong fliers and generally only fly up to site 1km, although breezes and updrafts can take them much farther.
Upon landing near a suitable nest site, the female sheds her wings and evokes a calling scent. Men quickly respond.
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They dig in and within the next few weeks, mate and look after their young until enough employees develop to take over the care roles.
New colonies are established via budding. This is believed to occur when the extremities of the colony get rid of contact and eventually become independent.
The primary king and queen are thought to emit hormones, which suppress the sexual development of the rest of the colony. This control breaks down if the territory is large or contact with groups is dropped.
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Termites work together in nests or colonies. They hatch from eggs as larvae, which are fed by termites. They then develop into castes or four kinds of termite:
Soldiers have large, dark heads, are blind, wingless, and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Soldiers are tougher than other castes and might take longer to control. Some species of soldier termites have strong jaws (mandibles) used to crush attackers, like ants.
Employees are colourless, blind, article source wingless and have undeveloped reproductive organs. Employees are the caste within a colony and are, therefore, responsible for harm.
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Reproductives which are darker in colour to other castes, have functional eyes and strong skin. This caste becomes the pioneers of prospective colonies.
The temperature, food grade, and activity of the colony will determine how long it takes for a termite.
Nests and tunnels are stored moist because employee termites cannot stand humidity for long intervals. The temperature within the nursery of a massive nest ranges between 10 C and 35 C but rarely varies more than one degree a day. The relative humidity is approximately 100 per cent.
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It's important to properly identify the kind of infestation prior to beginning treatment. This can help you understand the habits of the colony, locate the nest and indicate the system of control.